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====== Ambilight clone ======

Onder XBMC is het erg makkelijk om met een arduno en een digitale RGD ledstring een ambilight clone te maken, met heel aardig resultaat.

{{:hardware:ambilight:voorbeeld.jpg?direct&100}}

===== Onderdelen lijst =====

  * Arduino Uno
  * RGB ledstring
  * 5 volt 1A voeding (+/- 1A per 25 leds)
  * Ubuntu met XBMC en de boblight plugin

===== Hardware =====

Wat betreft de hardware is het vrij simpel vanaf de ledstring gaat de

  * gnd naar de gnd van de arduino en de gnd van de adapter
  * +5 naar de +5 van de adapter
  * Serial data naar pin 11 op de arduno
  * Serial Clock naar pin 13 op de arduno

vervolgens moet je ledstream.pde flashen naar je arduno, deze is [[https://github.com/adafruit/Adalight/blob/master/Arduino/LEDstream/LEDstream.pde|hier]] te downloaden

ter referentie hier ook de code zelf

<code c LEDstream.pde>
// Arduino "bridge" code between host computer and WS2801-based digital
// RGB LED pixels (e.g. Adafruit product ID #322).  Intended for use
// with USB-native boards such as Teensy or Adafruit 32u4 Breakout;
// works on normal serial Arduinos, but throughput is severely limited.
// LED data is streamed, not buffered, making this suitable for larger
// installations (e.g. video wall, etc.) than could otherwise be held
// in the Arduino's limited RAM.

// Some effort is put into avoiding buffer underruns (where the output
// side becomes starved of data).  The WS2801 latch protocol, being
// delay-based, could be inadvertently triggered if the USB bus or CPU
// is swamped with other tasks.  This code buffers incoming serial data
// and introduces intentional pauses if there's a threat of the buffer
// draining prematurely.  The cost of this complexity is somewhat
// reduced throughput, the gain is that most visual glitches are
// avoided (though ultimately a function of the load on the USB bus and
// host CPU, and out of our control).

// LED data and clock lines are connected to the Arduino's SPI output.
// On traditional Arduino boards, SPI data out is digital pin 11 and
// clock is digital pin 13.  On both Teensy and the 32u4 Breakout,
// data out is pin B2, clock is B1.  LEDs should be externally
// powered -- trying to run any more than just a few off the Arduino's
// 5V line is generally a Bad Idea.  LED ground should also be
// connected to Arduino ground.

#include <SPI.h>

// LED pin for Adafruit 32u4 Breakout Board:
//#define LED_DDR  DDRE
//#define LED_PORT PORTE
//#define LED_PIN  _BV(PORTE6)
// LED pin for Teensy:
//#define LED_DDR  DDRD
//#define LED_PORT PORTD
//#define LED_PIN  _BV(PORTD6)
// LED pin for Arduino:
#define LED_DDR  DDRB
#define LED_PORT PORTB
#define LED_PIN  _BV(PORTB5)

// A 'magic word' (along with LED count & checksum) precedes each block
// of LED data; this assists the microcontroller in syncing up with the
// host-side software and properly issuing the latch (host I/O is
// likely buffered, making usleep() unreliable for latch).  You may see
// an initial glitchy frame or two until the two come into alignment.
// The magic word can be whatever sequence you like, but each character
// should be unique, and frequent pixel values like 0 and 255 are
// avoided -- fewer false positives.  The host software will need to
// generate a compatible header: immediately following the magic word
// are three bytes: a 16-bit count of the number of LEDs (high byte
// first) followed by a simple checksum value (high byte XOR low byte
// XOR 0x55).  LED data follows, 3 bytes per LED, in order R, G, B,
// where 0 = off and 255 = max brightness.

static const uint8_t magic[] = {'A','d','a'};
#define MAGICSIZE  sizeof(magic)
#define HEADERSIZE (MAGICSIZE + 3)

#define MODE_HEADER 0
#define MODE_HOLD   1
#define MODE_DATA   2

// If no serial data is received for a while, the LEDs are shut off
// automatically.  This avoids the annoying "stuck pixel" look when
// quitting LED display programs on the host computer.
static const unsigned long serialTimeout = 15000; // 15 seconds

void setup()
{
  // Dirty trick: the circular buffer for serial data is 256 bytes,
  // and the "in" and "out" indices are unsigned 8-bit types -- this
  // much simplifies the cases where in/out need to "wrap around" the
  // beginning/end of the buffer.  Otherwise there'd be a ton of bit-
  // masking and/or conditional code every time one of these indices
  // needs to change, slowing things down tremendously.
  uint8_t
    buffer[256],
    indexIn       = 0,
    indexOut      = 0,
    mode          = MODE_HEADER,
    hi, lo, chk, i, spiFlag;
  int16_t
    bytesBuffered = 0,
    hold          = 0,
    c;
  int32_t
    bytesRemaining;
  unsigned long
    startTime,
    lastByteTime,
    lastAckTime,
    t;

  LED_DDR  |=  LED_PIN; // Enable output for LED
  LED_PORT &= ~LED_PIN; // LED off

  Serial.begin(115200); // Teensy/32u4 disregards baud rate; is OK!

  SPI.begin();
  SPI.setBitOrder(MSBFIRST);
  SPI.setDataMode(SPI_MODE0);
  SPI.setClockDivider(SPI_CLOCK_DIV8);  // 2 MHz
  // WS2801 datasheet recommends max SPI clock of 2 MHz, and 50 Ohm
  // resistors on SPI lines for impedance matching.  In practice and
  // at short distances, 2 MHz seemed to work reliably enough without
  // resistors, and 4 MHz was possible with a 220 Ohm resistor on the
  // SPI clock line only.  Your mileage may vary.  Experiment!
  // SPI.setClockDivider(SPI_CLOCK_DIV4);  // 4 MHz

  // Issue test pattern to LEDs on startup.  This helps verify that
  // wiring between the Arduino and LEDs is correct.  Not knowing the
  // actual number of LEDs connected, this sets all of them (well, up
  // to the first 25,000, so as not to be TOO time consuming) to red,
  // green, blue, then off.  Once you're confident everything is working
  // end-to-end, it's OK to comment this out and reprogram the Arduino.
  uint8_t testcolor[] = { 0, 0, 0, 255, 0, 0 };
  for(char n=3; n>=0; n--) {
    for(c=0; c<25000; c++) {
      for(i=0; i<3; i++) {
        for(SPDR = testcolor[n + i]; !(SPSR & _BV(SPIF)); );
      }
    }
    delay(1); // One millisecond pause = latch
  }

  Serial.print("Ada\n"); // Send ACK string to host

  startTime    = micros();
  lastByteTime = lastAckTime = millis();

  // loop() is avoided as even that small bit of function overhead
  // has a measurable impact on this code's overall throughput.

  for(;;) {

    // Implementation is a simple finite-state machine.
    // Regardless of mode, check for serial input each time:
    t = millis();
    if((bytesBuffered < 256) && ((c = Serial.read()) >= 0)) {
      buffer[indexIn++] = c;
      bytesBuffered++;
      lastByteTime = lastAckTime = t; // Reset timeout counters
    } else {
      // No data received.  If this persists, send an ACK packet
      // to host once every second to alert it to our presence.
      if((t - lastAckTime) > 1000) {
        Serial.print("Ada\n"); // Send ACK string to host
        lastAckTime = t; // Reset counter
      }
      // If no data received for an extended time, turn off all LEDs.
      if((t - lastByteTime) > serialTimeout) {
        for(c=0; c<32767; c++) {
          for(SPDR=0; !(SPSR & _BV(SPIF)); );
        }
        delay(1); // One millisecond pause = latch
        lastByteTime = t; // Reset counter
      }
    }

    switch(mode) {

     case MODE_HEADER:

      // In header-seeking mode.  Is there enough data to check?
      if(bytesBuffered >= HEADERSIZE) {
        // Indeed.  Check for a 'magic word' match.
        for(i=0; (i<MAGICSIZE) && (buffer[indexOut++] == magic[i++]););
        if(i == MAGICSIZE) {
          // Magic word matches.  Now how about the checksum?
          hi  = buffer[indexOut++];
          lo  = buffer[indexOut++];
          chk = buffer[indexOut++];
          if(chk == (hi ^ lo ^ 0x55)) {
            // Checksum looks valid.  Get 16-bit LED count, add 1
            // (# LEDs is always> 0) and multiply by 3 for R,G,B.
            bytesRemaining = 3L * (256L * (long)hi + (long)lo + 1L);
            bytesBuffered -= 3;
            spiFlag        = 0;         // No data out yet
            mode           = MODE_HOLD; // Proceed to latch wait mode
          } else {
            // Checksum didn't match; search resumes after magic word.
            indexOut  -= 3; // Rewind
          }
        } // else no header match.  Resume at first mismatched byte.
        bytesBuffered -= i;
      }
      break;

     case MODE_HOLD:

      // Ostensibly "waiting for the latch from the prior frame
      // to complete" mode, but may also revert to this mode when
      // underrun prevention necessitates a delay.

      if((micros() - startTime) < hold) break; // Still holding; keep buffering

      // Latch/delay complete.  Advance to data-issuing mode...
      LED_PORT &= ~LED_PIN;  // LED off
      mode      = MODE_DATA; // ...and fall through (no break):

     case MODE_DATA:

      while(spiFlag && !(SPSR & _BV(SPIF))); // Wait for prior byte
      if(bytesRemaining > 0) {
        if(bytesBuffered > 0) {
          SPDR = buffer[indexOut++];   // Issue next byte
          bytesBuffered--;
          bytesRemaining--;
          spiFlag = 1;
        }
        // If serial buffer is threatening to underrun, start
        // introducing progressively longer pauses to allow more
        // data to arrive (up to a point).
        if((bytesBuffered < 32) && (bytesRemaining > bytesBuffered)) {
          startTime = micros();
          hold      = 100 + (32 - bytesBuffered) * 10;
          mode      = MODE_HOLD;
    }
      } else {
        // End of data -- issue latch:
        startTime  = micros();
        hold       = 1000;        // Latch duration = 1000 uS
        LED_PORT  |= LED_PIN;     // LED on
        mode       = MODE_HEADER; // Begin next header search
      }
    } // end switch
  } // end for(;;)
}

void loop()
{
  // Not used.  See note in setup() function.
}

</code>

===== Software =====

packages uit de standaard ubuntu repo installeren

<code bash>
aptitude install libusb-1.0-0-dev libx11-dev libxrender-dev libxext-dev

</code>

Download van de boblight software en deze compilen

<code bash>
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/google-code-archive-source/v2/code.google.com/boblight/source-archive.zip

unzip source-archive.zip

#compilen
cd boblight
cd trunk
./configure --without-portaudio --without-opengl --without-x11 --prefix=/usr
make
make install


</code>

===== configuratie =====

vervolgens moet je een boblight config maken, het LED gedeelte kan je automagisch via [[http://sanya.tarhelyszolgaltato.eu/|deze]] link laten genereren.

Je krijgt dan het "Light" gedeelte uit de config en een plaatje hoe je de leds moet plaatsen.

{{:hardware:ambilight:pic.png?direct&100}}

(voor 50 leds is deze config bruikbaar)

<code bash>
mcedit /etc/boblight.conf

</code>

zet hier de volgende code in :

<code xorg_conf boblight.conf>
#config file for adalight from http://www.ladyada.net/make/adalight/

[global]
interface 127.0.0.1
port      19333

[device]
name            ambilight
type            momo
output            /dev/ttyACM0
channels        150
prefix            41 64 61 00 31 64
interval        10000
rate            115200
debug            off #turn this on to see what it's doing with the serial port
delayafteropen    1000000

[color]
name            red
rgb             FF0000

[color]
name            green
rgb             00FF00

[color]
name            blue
rgb             0000FF

[light]
name            1
color           red     ambilight 1
color           green   ambilight 2
color           blue    ambilight 3
hscan           47.06 52.94
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            2
color           red     ambilight 4
color           green   ambilight 5
color           blue    ambilight 6
hscan           35.31 41.19
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            3
color           red     ambilight 7
color           green   ambilight 8
color           blue    ambilight 9
hscan           29.43 35.31
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            4
color           red     ambilight 10
color           green   ambilight 11
color           blue    ambilight 12
hscan           23.54 29.42
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            5
color           red     ambilight 13
color           green   ambilight 14
color           blue    ambilight 15
hscan           17.66 23.54
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            6
color           red     ambilight 16
color           green   ambilight 17
color           blue    ambilight 18
hscan           11.77 17.65
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            7
color           red     ambilight 19
color           green   ambilight 20
color           blue    ambilight 21
hscan           5.89 11.77
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            8
color           red     ambilight 22
color           green   ambilight 23
color           blue    ambilight 24
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            9
color           red     ambilight 25
color           green   ambilight 26
color           blue    ambilight 27
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           81.82 90.91

[light]
name            10
color           red     ambilight 28
color           green   ambilight 29
color           blue    ambilight 30
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           72.73 81.82

[light]
name            11
color           red     ambilight 31
color           green   ambilight 32
color           blue    ambilight 33
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           63.64 72.73

[light]
name            12
color           red     ambilight 34
color           green   ambilight 35
color           blue    ambilight 36
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           54.55 63.64

[light]
name            13
color           red     ambilight 37
color           green   ambilight 38
color           blue    ambilight 39
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           45.46 54.55

[light]
name            14
color           red     ambilight 40
color           green   ambilight 41
color           blue    ambilight 42
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           36.36 45.46

[light]
name            15
color           red     ambilight 43
color           green   ambilight 44
color           blue    ambilight 45
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           27.27 36.36

[light]
name            16
color           red     ambilight 46
color           green   ambilight 47
color           blue    ambilight 48
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           18.18 27.27

[light]
name            17
color           red     ambilight 49
color           green   ambilight 50
color           blue    ambilight 51
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           9.09 18.18

[light]
name            18
color           red     ambilight 52
color           green   ambilight 53
color           blue    ambilight 54
hscan           0 5.88
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            19
color           red     ambilight 55
color           green   ambilight 56
color           blue    ambilight 57
hscan           5.88 11.76
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            20
color           red     ambilight 58
color           green   ambilight 59
color           blue    ambilight 60
hscan           11.76 17.65
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            21
color           red     ambilight 61
color           green   ambilight 62
color           blue    ambilight 63
hscan           17.65 23.53
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            22
color           red     ambilight 64
color           green   ambilight 65
color           blue    ambilight 66
hscan           23.53 29.41
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            23
color           red     ambilight 67
color           green   ambilight 68
color           blue    ambilight 69
hscan           29.41 35.29
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            24
color           red     ambilight 70
color           green   ambilight 71
color           blue    ambilight 72
hscan           35.29 41.18
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            25
color           red     ambilight 73
color           green   ambilight 74
color           blue    ambilight 75
hscan           41.18 47.06
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            26
color           red     ambilight 76
color           green   ambilight 77
color           blue    ambilight 78
hscan           47.06 52.94
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            27
color           red     ambilight 79
color           green   ambilight 80
color           blue    ambilight 81
hscan           52.94 58.82
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            28
color           red     ambilight 82
color           green   ambilight 83
color           blue    ambilight 84
hscan           58.82 64.71
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            29
color           red     ambilight 85
color           green   ambilight 86
color           blue    ambilight 87
hscan           64.71 70.59
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            30
color           red     ambilight 88
color           green   ambilight 89
color           blue    ambilight 90
hscan           70.59 76.47
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            31
color           red     ambilight 91
color           green   ambilight 92
color           blue    ambilight 93
hscan           76.47 82.35
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            32
color           red     ambilight 94
color           green   ambilight 95
color           blue    ambilight 96
hscan           82.35 88.23
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            33
color           red     ambilight 97
color           green   ambilight 98
color           blue    ambilight 99
hscan           88.23 94.12
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            34
color           red     ambilight 100
color           green   ambilight 101
color           blue    ambilight 102
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           0 9.09

[light]
name            35
color           red     ambilight 103
color           green   ambilight 104
color           blue    ambilight 105
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           9.09 18.18

[light]
name            36
color           red     ambilight 106
color           green   ambilight 107
color           blue    ambilight 108
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           18.18 27.27

[light]
name            37
color           red     ambilight 109
color           green   ambilight 110
color           blue    ambilight 111
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           27.27 36.36

[light]
name            38
color           red     ambilight 112
color           green   ambilight 113
color           blue    ambilight 114
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           36.36 45.45

[light]
name            39
color           red     ambilight 115
color           green   ambilight 116
color           blue    ambilight 117
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           45.45 54.54

[light]
name            40
color           red     ambilight 118
color           green   ambilight 119
color           blue    ambilight 120
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           54.54 63.64

[light]
name            41
color           red     ambilight 121
color           green   ambilight 122
color           blue    ambilight 123
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           63.64 72.73

[light]
name            42
color           red     ambilight 124
color           green   ambilight 125
color           blue    ambilight 126
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           72.73 81.82

[light]
name            43
color           red     ambilight 127
color           green   ambilight 128
color           blue    ambilight 129
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           81.82 90.91

[light]
name            44
color           red     ambilight 130
color           green   ambilight 131
color           blue    ambilight 132
hscan           94.12 100
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            45
color           red     ambilight 133
color           green   ambilight 134
color           blue    ambilight 135
hscan           88.24 94.12
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            46
color           red     ambilight 136
color           green   ambilight 137
color           blue    ambilight 138
hscan           82.35 88.24
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            47
color           red     ambilight 139
color           green   ambilight 140
color           blue    ambilight 141
hscan           76.47 82.35
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            48
color           red     ambilight 142
color           green   ambilight 143
color           blue    ambilight 144
hscan           70.59 76.47
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            49
color           red     ambilight 145
color           green   ambilight 146
color           blue    ambilight 147
hscan           64.71 70.59
vscan           90.91 100

[light]
name            50
color           red     ambilight 148
color           green   ambilight 149
color           blue    ambilight 150
hscan           58.82 64.71
vscan           90.91 100

</code>

Met de prefix bepaal je ook hoeveel leds je aanstuurd, gebruik dus altijd de juiste
<code>

Prefix for 25 LEDS: 41 64 61 00 18 4D
Prefix for 50 LEDS: 41 64 61 00 31 64
Prefix for 100 LEDS: 41 64 61 00 63 36

</code>

===== Autostart =====

uiteraard willen we het geheel automagisch starten.

<code bash>
mcedit /usr/lib/systemd/system/boblight.service

</code>

zet hier het volgende in

<code xorg_conf boblight.service>
[Unit]
Description=Boblight Ambient Lighting Daemon
DefaultDependencies=no
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/boblightd > /var/log/boblightd 2>&1
Restart=on-abort

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

</code>

en laat deze automagisch starten

<code bash>
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable boblight

</code>

===== Sources =====

[[http://www.pieterfloris.nl/shop/product.php?id_product=485|Arduino Uno]]

[[http://www.pieterfloris.nl/shop/product.php?id_product=466|led string]]

[[http://arduino.cc/hu/Main/Software|Arduino programeer software]]